Cryotherapy achieves a series of chemical reactions within our body that promote cellular nutrition, as well as an increase and improvement in blood circulation. This treatment modality works by applying low temperature (cryo = cold) to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes in a way that will cause a superficial and controlled burn to destroy tissue that your specialist needs to destroy. It is, for example, commonly used in viral warts.

Dermatology is the medical specialty responsible for the study of the structure and function of the skin, as well as the diseases that affect it, their diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Technique for the treatment of skin lesions that offers excellent results. A procedure that uses heat from an electrical current to destroy abnormal tissue, such as from a tumor or other lesion. It may also be used to control bleeding during surgery or after an injury. The electrical current passes through an electrode that is placed on or around the tissue. The tip of the electrode is heated by electrical current to burn or destroy tissue. Electrocoagulation is a type of electrosurgery. Also called electrocautery, electrofulguration, and fulguration.

LASER (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). In dermatology it is a tool for the treatment of certain diseases. It is a light source in which the radiant energy is photons and waves with the capacity to produce certain biological effects. There are several types of laser for application in dermatology and each one with a specific indication. It can be used for the treatment of pigmented lesions (spots), vascular lesions, dermatological surgery, hair removal, photoaging.

Liquid cryosclerosis is a treatment aimed at the gradual elimination of microvaricose veins and small capillaries in the lower extremities.

It is a bluish or brownish pigmentation of the skin and predominates on the face, although we can find it in other areas of the face and even on the forearms. It tends to be itchy in some cases. These patches usually develop gradually. There are no other symptoms other than aesthetic ones.

Pediatric dermatology offers specialized care for infants and children within a range of childhood dermatological conditions.

Photodynamic therapy is a therapeutic procedure used in medicine, mainly in dermatology, for the treatment of various skin diseases, especially skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma), also in Bowen's disease, acne, rosacea. , lichen and for aesthetic photorejuvenation treatments. Using light, it is possible to eliminate certain cells with dysplasia (cells with a certain degree of atypia or malignancy) that manifest themselves in the form of solar keratosis or areas damaged by the sun. The patient usually first places a cream on the area to be treated (for example: face or head) and after a few minutes it is exposed to the light of the treatment lamp. It is a very useful technique to treat large areas and eliminate sun damage and other forms of skin malignancy.

Skin type studies are considered essential in dermatology since each person requires personalized treatment depending on their skin characteristics. Each person's skin type is genetically determined, and knowing each individual's skin type is necessary to choose the appropriate treatment for each skin type, and thus improve its appearance and delay the aging process. From the clinical study of each patient, information is obtained about the level of hydration, elasticity, thickness and sebum secretion of their skin. The classification of skin includes four basic types: dry skin, which presents a greater loss of water and is more unprotected against possible risks; oily skin, in which sebum secretion is very high; sensitive skin, which reacts to many stimuli that do not cause a reaction in normal skin; and normal skin, characterized by an ideal balance between water and sebum levels.

Systemic Photoprotection is that which goes beyond the skin and acts at a general level inside our body. This is a group of immunophotoprotectors that are administered orally. The main advantage is that since they are systemic, their protection is global and they act on the entire skin surface. Systemic or oral photoprotectors are immunophotoprotective substances administered orally (capsules, tablets, solution), mostly antioxidants, which are responsible for eliminating free radicals that are generated in our skin due to many factors, including solar radiation. One of the fundamental aspects that must be highlighted is that since they are systemic, their protection is global, that is, they act on all of our skin. Among these we find: Beta-carotenes: they are usually administered for sun intolerance or as a preventative in people with white skin. Commercially, they can lead to confusion since many people think that they are used to get tan or acquire color before sun exposure. In reality, they prepare the body for sun exposure and there will be an increase in pigments to reduce the rapid appearance of erythema, although it must be taken into account that these are not preventative of skin cancer. - Vitamins C and E - Green tea polyphenols - Polypodium leucotomos The most used is ascorbic acid or vitamin C, which also stimulates collagen synthesis, making the repair of damaged tissue even faster. Vitamin E or alpha-tocopherol also protects against UVB and is usually combined with vitamin C for greater effectiveness. As other substances, we have carotenoids (lutein is an example), flavonoids (used from silymarin and red clover), Omega-3 (fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as well as photoprotective) and Green tea polyphenols (reduce erythema and inflammation when there is sunburn).

Inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicle that usually involves facial and/or central areas of the trunk. It is produced by a combination of bacterial, hormonal and inflammatory factors that compromise sebaceous secretion and epidermal regeneration at the exit of the follicle (also known as "pores" of the skin). Therefore, its expression can be very varied between open and closed comedones (the common blackheads or skin-colored pimples), pustules ("white pimples"), or the formation of cysts and very inflamed and painful lesions. Its treatment will depend on all these factors, which is why it usually requires a combination of topical and often oral treatments. Adequate and early treatment will prevent the formation of unaesthetic scars, which are the most difficult sequelae to resolve.

They are injuries caused by chronic sun exposure (actinic = sun). As sun damage accumulates, a short period of sun exposure adds to the total amount of sun received. They appear in areas such as the facial region, arms and scalp. They are considered the earliest form of skin cancer, they are called precancer because they can be the first step of squamous cell carcinoma, for this reason it is important to treat and eliminate them. They appear as areas of rough touch. At first they are so small that they are usually recognized more by touch than by sight. The sensation is similar to running your finger through sandpaper (scratchy). Later they can grow and be seen as red lesions with scales. They usually appear in middle-aged or older people depending on the amount of sun they have received and their skin type. There are many treatments and patients are followed to monitor the response to the treatments.

An angioma is a benign growth of blood vessels in the skin; its two common forms are spider veins and capillary hemangiomas. They are benign skin lesions formed by an accumulation of blood vessels; their two common forms are spider veins and capillary hemangiomas. They give rise to red or violet spots, more or less extensive and flat or raised. They do not usually carry any risk with the exception of some congenital risks in certain locations that the pediatric dermatologist already recognizes and advises on treatment if indicated.

Atopic Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness and dryness of the skin that causes itching and scratching. This skin inflammation (dermatitis) is characteristically localized in certain areas of the head and body, associated with itching, which usually occurs from childhood or youth, in people who already have a more sensitive type of skin or a characteristically dry atopic condition. It usually occurs in outbreaks with improvement and possible worsening, depending on some aggravating factors such as dry skin, cold, stress, the use of chemicals or irritating fabrics, scratching and superinfection of the skin. It is not contagious, although treatment often includes antibiotics for intercurrent infections. It is not hereditary either, but on certain occasions families can inherit the "atopic" condition or dry, more sensitive skin, as well as the tendency to asthma or allergic rhinitis. It requires an adequate individualized assessment of each case, in order to treat both outbreaks and their prevention.

The most common and low-risk type of skin cancer as long as it is treated correctly. It has no ability to spread beyond the skin unless it is allowed to evolve for years without treatment. It usually presents as a shiny, reddish or somewhat darkly pigmented area, usually presents small erosions or superficial wounds, and does not usually cause any discomfort but does not resolve without adequate treatment. Currently, dermatologists who are experts in the field have the ability to detect it when they are millimetric and on some occasions it can progress or invade very superficial areas, so that its treatment can be performed even with barely invasive techniques and leaving minimal scarring.

A burn is a loss of substance from the skin, it can be due to several causes: generally due to heat, but there are also cold (such as that which appears after a cryotherapy treatment), due to attacks on the skin: chemical products (for example, for example by bleach or other abrasives), by ultraviolet radiation (sunburn) or by very strong friction (friction burns). Depending on the depth of the destruction, they can be classified as grade 1, 2, or 3 burns, with the treatment being different in each of them.

Condition of the skin, usually the center of the face (cheeks and back of the nose) in which the superficial blood capillaries of the skin dilate and become more visible, so that the skin takes on a more pink or red tone, and becomes very sensitive to stimuli that cause vasodilation (those blood capillaries become more prominent, dilated, visible). It usually produces variable discomfort and burning in the affected areas, and may be accentuated depending on the stimuli that cause it. Couperose may or may not be associated with rosacea, and with certain hormonal conditions such as those surrounding female menopause. Proper evaluation and treatment can improve or even eliminate it completely, and certain preventive measures may be essential. Vascular laser therapy modalities may in some cases provide a solution.

Dandruff is a peeling of the skin on your scalp. It is usually a symptom of seborrheic dermatitis or seborrhea.

Atopic Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness and dryness of the skin that causes itching and scratching. It is usually accompanied by a "surname" that can specify the type of inflammation: atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc. It is synonymous with eczema. Clinically, different types of dermatitis can present erythema, peeling and even exudation and vesicles. They can be itchy.

Skin disease characterized by the appearance of red spots accompanied by intense itching. It means inflammation of the skin. It is usually accompanied by a "surname" that can specify the type of inflammation: atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc. It is synonymous with dermatitis.

Cavernous hemangioma or strawberry hemangioma is an abnormal collection of blood vessels in the skin or organs.

Inflammatory skin disease, caused by a virus, which is characterized by the formation of small transparent vesicles or blisters that form a scab when they dry. The herpes simplex virus is responsible for cold sores (the most common location), although it can be located in other parts of the integument. The first time you come into contact with the virus, the primary infection can go unnoticed, like a mild cold, or cause painful gingivostomatitis (affection of the oral mucosa and gums). Once this infection is overcome, the virus is not eliminated, but rather remains latent in the nervous ganglia and in situations of lowered defenses, the virus can reactivate in the skin. The area where it is most frequently reactivated is on the lip, in the form of small grouped vesicles that erode and form a scab. It may be painful before the vesicles appear. The herpes simplex episode heals on its own, although healing can be accelerated and symptoms reduced with antivirals administered orally.

Shingles is a skin rash caused by a viral infection of the nerves just under the skin. There are several types of herpes viruses, one of them is the varicella zoster virus (type 3). In primary infection (first contact with the virus) it produces the disease called chickenpox (vesicles spread throughout the body). As it is a virus of the herpes family, it remains latent in our body (at the level of the nervous ganglia) and in situations that favor its reactivation, it does so in the form of Zoster "shingles". Cutaneous Zoster manifests itself in the form of a skin rash with very painful vesicles (in most cases) which affect specific, more limited skin areas. It heals on its own but in certain cases treatment with antivirals is indicated for postherpetic neuralgia (persistent pain).

Hyperhidrosis is a disease characterized by excessive sweat production in one or more areas of the body. Most cases begin without an obvious cause at any time in life, but there are cases associated with diseases or drugs. There are several types of treatments and depending on the case it is decided which one to start with.

It is a generally benign cellular proliferation of blood vessels characterized by the appearance of a large number of normal and abnormal vessels on the skin or other internal organs. It is the most common benign tumor in childhood and clinically the most common presentation is in the form of a solitary red nodular lesion (although there may be multiple ones). Their evolution is benign and they disappear without any treatment, although they usually take years. In their evolution they go through 3 phases: proliferation, stabilization and involution. Lesions that, due to their location or size, compromise the child's vital functions, require treatment, such as those located near the eye, mouth or nose. Likewise, lesions that ulcerate due to their rapid growth require treatment.

Hypertrophic (large) scar that extends beyond the original scar. It is considered an averrant form of scarring, in which the skin, when healing from any wound, produces excess collagen (skin support fibers) exceeding the scar itself. It is unknown exactly what causes the formation of hypertrophic and keloid scars. There is no completely beneficial treatment but several options can be used such as patches, corticosteroids, infiltrations or cryotherapy.

Lupus is an autoimmune disease (the immune system itself attacks healthy cells and tissues against itself by mistake) This disease can affect the skin as well as other organs of the body. Skin involvement can be of various forms and thus help in the diagnosis of the disease. In the vast majority of cases, cutaneous lupus occurs in isolation, but there are cases in which it is associated with systemic disease.

Melanoma is the generic name for melanic or pigmented tumors and malignant melanoma is a serious variety of skin cancer, causing the majority of skin cancer-related deaths.

Also called nevi, they are benign skin tumors that originate from melanocytes (cells responsible for giving pigment to the skin and annexes, as well as protecting us from UV radiation). There are several types of moles-nevus. Their biological behavior is dynamic, which means that they can be modified or changed over time, hence the need to carry out routine controls since they can be the origin of a malignant tumor called melanoma.

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection, contagious as its name suggests, and self-inoculating. Molluscum contagiosum virus is a virus of the Poxviridae family, Molluscipox genus. It manifests itself in the form of small raised skin-colored lesions (warts) that are asymptomatic and increase in number over time. In children it is a very common disease, it is spread especially in swimming pools. In adults it is considered a sexually transmitted disease. There are various therapeutic options but it is NOT an option to leave it to its free evolution since depending on the immunity of each person it can be generalized to the entire body's skin extension.

They are benign skin tumors that originate from melanocytes (cells responsible for giving pigment to the skin and annexes, as well as protecting us from UV radiation). There are several types of moles-nevus. Their biological behavior is dynamic, which means that they can be modified or changed over time, hence the need to carry out routine controls since they can be the origin of a malignant tumor called melanoma.

Pemphigus is bullous dermatitis, that is, a skin disease in which blisters or erosions (skin loss) appear. It is caused by an erroneous inflammatory reaction of the body against the skin itself, producing wounds in the form of sores or abrasions. That is why it is classified as an autoimmune blistering disease. It is a very rare disorder and in the presence of lesions of this nature it is recommended to consult a dermatologist.

Disease characterized by the appearance of scales and red skin located mainly on the elbows, knees and head. It can appear at any age, there are cases of families with several affected members. There are several treatments for this disease although it remains a chronic skin condition. Patients are evaluated and classified according to their severity (localized versus extensive lesions) and may receive treatments with creams only (topical), oral treatments (systemic), treatments with phototherapy and/or immunosuppressive treatments. It is always important to adapt what treatment we are going to perform based on the characteristics of each patient.

Describes a large, red rash. It is usually associated with allergic reactions to medications or viruses (especially in children), but there are many other causes. It is recommended, if a rash appears, to go to the dermatologist to study its origin and specific treatment.

Skin disease in which patients who suffer from it experience facial flushing when faced with small stimuli (such as changes in temperature) and this redness progressively transforms into visible blood vessels (couperose), especially on the cheeks, forehead or nose. In more evolved forms, small grains (inflammatory papules) may appear in the red areas. Rosacea usually appears in middle age and occurs with outbreaks (self-limited but recurrent lesions) which is why it is considered a chronic facial dermatosis. It is usually diagnosed clinically and there are several topical treatments to slow its progression, improve redness outbreaks and treat inflammation if it appears.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a type of endogenous eczema, that is, not triggered by external agents. It is characterized by the recurrent appearance (frequently triggered by episodes of stress) of erythema (red color) and peeling in the so-called seborrheic areas (eyebrows and between the eyebrows, scalp, nasolabial folds and thorax). It is usually asymptomatic although it can cause itching in some people.

Benign lesion in the form of a well-defined wart, waxy in appearance and rough to the touch. It can be skin-colored (pale yellow) or contain pigment (brown, even black) and be flat or raised. The cause of its appearance is not known; there is a genetic predisposition in certain people. They are benign and not contagious but it is important to go to the dermatologist to diagnose them since they can have pigment and be confused with other skin lesions. They can be removed if they cause discomfort because they become irritated, if they bleed because clothing rubs against them, or simply for aesthetic reasons. Removal is usually simple and there are several methods: freezing with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), curettage or curettage (with a special instrument), burning with electrical current (electrocauterization) or vaporizing the lesion with a laser (ablation).

There are many types of allergies that manifest on the skin with different types of symptoms, which can range from simple redness to peeling of the skin. Generally, it is considered any tumor or tissue that, without adequate treatment, will tend to grow uncontrolled in the skin and may invade nearby tissues. There are certain types of skin cancer that, if not treated properly, can also acquire the ability to spread beyond the skin, as in the case of invasive melanoma. There are different families of skin cancer, the most frequent and least aggressive being carcinomas. Melanomas are less common, however they can appear in younger patients and have a higher risk if they are not detected early. There are other much rarer types of skin cancer such as lymphomas or skin sarcomas. Skin protection from sun exposure, as well as skin self-examination and, above all, dermatological visits for early detection are essential tools for prevention and adequate healing.

Generally, it is considered any tumor or tissue that, without adequate treatment, will tend to grow uncontrolled in the skin and may invade nearby tissues. There are certain types of skin cancer that, if not treated properly, can also acquire the ability to spread beyond the skin, as in the case of invasive melanoma. There are different families of skin cancer, the most frequent and least aggressive being carcinomas. Melanomas are less common, however they can appear in younger patients and have a higher risk if they are not detected early. There are other much rarer types of skin cancer such as lymphomas or skin sarcomas. Skin protection from sun exposure, as well as skin self-examination and, above all, dermatological visits for early detection are essential tools for prevention and adequate healing.

It encompasses all skin infections that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites.

Analysis of the different types of stains, identification and treatment if necessary.

One of the types of skin cancer highly related to accumulated sun damage on the skin. In cases of highly evolved and/or incorrectly treated tumors, they can become aggressive, although nowadays they can usually be prevented and treated efficiently when detected in the initial stages. They usually present as red, scaly, raised, crusty, often painful areas in areas with marked chronic sun damage and photoaging. In some patients it can invade locally or even the nodes.

Exposure to light can cause various skin diseases (dermatoses). Polymorphic light eruption, however, is the most common dermatosis among skin conditions. There are cases of an exaggerated reaction of the immune system to sun exposure of the skin, stinging, itching or even pain appearing followed by hives (similar to bites or hives) immediately after exposing the skin to sunlight. Given this suspicion, it is important to carry out a complete study to rule out other causes that could cause this sensation without actually being a sun allergy. There are different treatments that improve and can resolve this difficult situation.

Skin disease in which raised reddish, edematous welts appear: characteristically called hives. These hives are itchy and usually disappear within a few hours, with others appearing in other locations. The causes of hives are varied: allergic reactions to medications, foods and in many other cases it is not possible to determine what the causative agent is. They are usually treated with antihistamines.

Vascular malformations make up a wide and heterogeneous spectrum of lesions, which frequently present a challenge. They are always present from birth that never disappear and can grow throughout life.

Vitiligo or vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disease, in which melanocytes (the cells responsible for skin pigmentation) are destroyed by the immune system, thus ceasing to produce melanin and, therefore, giving rise to to areas of the skin with loss of pigment. The cause is not known, but it is known that white spots arise because the cells that give color to the skin (melanocytes) are destroyed. It is an inappropriate inflammatory reaction of the body itself against its own cells: for this reason it is considered an autoimmune disease. It can appear at any age and once diagnosed, associations with other autoimmune diseases must be ruled out (for example: hypo/hyper thyroidism). There are different treatment options that must be evaluated individually for each patient.

They are benign epithelial proliferations (growths) that can appear on the skin and mucous membranes. There are many types of warts. All skin lesions that are raised and that are not malignant are susceptible to being called warts. As an example we have seborrheic warts (see definition of seborrheic keratosis), skin tags or soft fibromas, etc. Viral warts are a subgroup of contagious warts caused by the human papillomavirus. These may appear more frequently on the hands and feet or on the genitals (in these cases they can be considered sexually transmitted). Treatment is usually a combination of specific products and local cryotherapy (destruction of warts using cold).

The most common and low-risk type of skin cancer as long as it is treated correctly. It has no ability to spread beyond the skin unless it is allowed to evolve for years without treatment. It usually presents as a shiny, reddish or somewhat darkly pigmented area, usually presents small erosions or superficial wounds, and does not usually cause any discomfort but does not resolve without adequate treatment. Currently, dermatologists who are experts in the field have the ability to detect it when they are millimetric and on some occasions it can progress or invade very superficial areas, so that its treatment can be performed even with barely invasive techniques and leaving minimal scarring.

Invasive melanoma is a cancer that can spread to other parts of the body. Melanoma is divided into stages based on the thickness of the primary tumor and other characteristics. The thickness of a tumor is the most important risk factor. The thicker the tumor, the more likely it is to spread.

This skin cancer can develop from a mole (melanocytic nevus) present from birth (congenital) or acquired (developed after birth). It can also develop from an area of ​​skin without a mole as a growing spot that later transforms into a tumor. The incidence of melanoma around the world has grown alarmingly. It is estimated that up to 1 in every 50-70 Spaniards will develop melanoma throughout their lives in 2010. Melanoma is a cancer that usually does not usually hurt or have warning symptoms until it has developed and spread to the lymph nodes or other organs through the blood circulation. Usually the patient does not think that it can be so dangerous or is not able to detect its appearance in the early stages. When a melanoma has become a palpable skin tumor or has a bleeding episode, it may be too late. For this reason, early diagnosis and correct removal when it is located on the skin is essential.

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer, the most serious. The first sign of melanoma is a change in color, size, and shape of a mole. Melanomas usually have a black or bluish area. It may appear as a new, abnormally black or unpleasant-looking mole. It is important to prevent moles in time and monitor them thinking about the "ABCDE" Asymmetry, the contours are different Irregular edges Different colors Diameter, the moles increase in size. Evolution: any change in the mole Surgery is the first treatment for melanoma.

Stage 0 melanomas (melanoma in situ) have not grown outside the top layer of skin (the epidermis). It is usually treated with surgery (wide excision) to remove the melanoma and a small margin of normal skin around it. The extracted sample is then sent to a laboratory to be observed under a microscope. If cancer cells are seen at the edges of the sample, a second, wider excision may be done in the area.

Mucosal melanoma forms in the mucous membrane that lines the nose, mouth, esophagus, anus, urinary tract, and vagina. Mucosal melanomas are particularly difficult to detect because they can be confused with other, much more common diseases.

Mucosal melanoma forms in the mucous membrane that lines the nose, mouth, esophagus, anus, urinary tract, and vagina. Mucosal melanomas are particularly difficult to detect because they can be confused with other, much more common diseases.

Acral lentiginous melanoma is a rare form of melanoma that can occur under a toenail or fingernail. It can also be found on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. It is more common in people of Asian descent, black people, and others with dark skin pigment.

One of the types of skin cancer highly related to accumulated sun damage on the skin. In cases of highly evolved and/or incorrectly treated tumors, they can become aggressive, although nowadays they can usually be prevented and treated efficiently when detected in the initial stages. They usually present as red, scaly, raised, crusty, often painful areas in areas with marked chronic sun damage and photoaging. In some patients it can invade locally or even the nodes.